Kuyeza Kwambiri: Chitsogozo Chanu Chachikulu Kwambiri Cholakwika, Chibale, ndi Sikelo Yathunthu (%FS)

Kodi munayamba mwayang'ana pa pepala lofotokozera?akupanikizikachopatsira,akuyendamita, kapenaasensor kutenthandimwawona chinthu chamzere ngati "Kulondola: ± 0.5% FS"? Ndizodziwika bwino, koma zikutanthawuza chiyani pazomwe mukusonkhanitsa? Kodi zikutanthauza kuti kuwerenga kulikonse kuli mkati mwa 0.5% ya mtengo weniweni? Monga tawonera, yankho ndilovuta kwambiri, ndipo kumvetsetsa zovutazi ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene akuchita nawo uinjiniya, kupanga, ndi kuyeza kwasayansi.

Cholakwika ndi gawo losapeŵeka ladziko lapansi. Palibe chida chomwe chili changwiro. Mfungulo ndikumvetsetsa mtundu wa cholakwikacho, kuwerengera, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zili m'malire ovomerezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito kwanuko. Bukuli lidzasokoneza mfundo zazikuluzikuluofkuyezacholakwika. Zimayamba ndi matanthauzo oyambira kenako ndikumakula kukhala zitsanzo zothandiza komanso mitu yofunika kwambiri, kukusinthani inu kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe amangowerenga zomwe zafotokozedwazo kukhala munthu amene amazimvetsetsa.

 

Kodi Cholakwika Choyezera N'chiyani?

Pa moyo wake,cholakwika choyezera ndi kusiyana pakati pa kuchuluka kwake komwe kumayesedwa ndi mtengo wake weniweni. Ganizirani izi ngati kusiyana pakati pa dziko lapansi monga momwe chida chanu chikuwonera ndi dziko lapansi momwe zilili.

Cholakwika = Mtengo Woyezedwa - Mtengo Wowona.

"Zowona Zamtengo Wapatali" ndi lingaliro longoyerekeza. M’zochita zake, kufunikira kotheratu sikungadziwike ndi kutsimikizika kotheratu. M'malo mwake, mtengo weniweni wokhazikika umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Uwu ndi mtengo woperekedwa ndi mulingo woyezera kapena chida chomwe chimakhala cholondola kwambiri (nthawi zambiri zolondola nthawi 4 mpaka 10) kuposa chipangizo chomwe chikuyesedwa. Mwachitsanzo, pokonza achogwira m'manjakupanikizikagauge, "mtengo wowona wanthawi zonse" umachokera ku kulondola kwambiri,labotale - kalasikupanikizikacalibrator.

Kumvetsetsa equation yosavuta iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba, koma sikufotokoza nkhani yonse. Kulakwitsa kwa milimita imodzi sikofunikira poyeza utali wa chitoliro cha mamita 100, koma ndizovuta kwambiri popanga pistoni ya injini. Kuti tipeze chithunzi chonse, tiyenera kufotokoza cholakwacho m’njira zomveka bwino. Apa ndipamene zolakwika mtheradi, wachibale, ndi zolozera zimayamba kuchitika.

Kusonkhanitsa Zolakwa Zitatu Zofanana Zofanana

Tiyeni tidutse njira zitatu zoyambirira zowerengera ndi kufotokozera zolakwika za muyeso.

1. Cholakwika Mtheradi: Kupatuka kwa Yaiwisi

Cholakwika chenicheni ndicho cholakwika chosavuta komanso chachindunji. Monga tafotokozera mu chikalata chochokera, ndiko kusiyana kwachindunji pakati pa muyeso ndi mtengo weniweni, wosonyezedwa mu mayunitsi a muyeso wokha.

Fomula:

Chitsanzo:

Mukuyesa kuyenda mu chitoliro ndizoonamlingo wotulukaof50m³/h, ndiwanumita yoyendaamawerenga50.5 m³/h, ndiye cholakwika mtheradi ndi 50.5 – 50 = +0.5 m³/h.

Tsopano, yerekezani kuti mukuyesa njira ina ndi kuthamanga kwenikweni kwa 500 m³/h, ndipo mita yanu yoyenda imawerenga 500.5 m³/h. Cholakwika chonse chikadali +0.5 m³/h.

Ndi nthawi iti yomwe imakhala yothandiza? Kulakwitsa kwathunthu ndikofunikira pakuyesa ndikuyesa. Satifiketi ya calibration nthawi zambiri imalemba zopatuka m'malo osiyanasiyana oyeserera. Komabe, monga chitsanzo chikusonyezera, ilibe nkhani. Kulakwitsa kwathunthu kwa +0.5 m³/h kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri pamaseweredwe ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi yayikulu. Kuti timvetse tanthauzo limeneli, tifunika kulakwitsa pang'ono.

2. Cholakwika Chachibale: Cholakwika mu Context

Kulakwitsa kofananira kumapereka nkhani yomwe ilibe cholakwika chilichonse. Imawonetsa cholakwikacho ngati gawo kapena kuchuluka kwa mtengo weniweni womwe ukuyesedwa. Izi zimakuuzani kukula kwa cholakwikacho poyerekezera ndi kukula kwa muyeso.

Fomula:

Chitsanzo:

Tiyeni tiwonenso chitsanzo chathu:

Pakuyenda kwa 50 m³/h: Zolakwika Pachibale = (0.5 m³/h / 50 m³/h) × 100% = 1%

Pakuyenda kwa 500 m³/h: Zolakwika Pachibale = (0.5 m³/h / 500 m³/h) × 100% = 0.1%

Mwadzidzidzi, kusiyana kukuwonekera bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti kulakwitsa kwathunthu kunali kofanana muzochitika zonse ziwiri, kulakwitsa kwachibale kumasonyeza kuti muyesowo unali wocheperako kakhumi pa mlingo wochepa wothamanga.

N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Kulakwitsa kwachibale ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha momwe chida chikuyendera pamalo enaake. Zimathandiza kuyankha funso lakuti "Kodi muyeso uwu ndi wabwino bwanji panopa?" Komabe, opanga zida sangathe kutchula zolakwika zachibale pamtengo uliwonse womwe mungayese. Amafunikira metric imodzi, yodalirika kuti atsimikizire momwe chipangizocho chimagwirira ntchito pakugwira ntchito kwake konse. Ndilo vuto la zolozera.

3. Vuto Lolozera (%FS): The Industry Standard

Izi ndizomwe mumaziwona pafupipafupi pamasamba: kulondola kofotokozedwa ngati peresentiofZodzazaSikelo (%FS), yomwe imadziwikanso ngati cholakwika cholozera kapena cholakwika chotalikirana. M'malo mofanizira cholakwika chonse ndi mtengo woyezedwa wapano, amachiyerekeza ndi nthawi yonse (kapena kuchuluka) kwa chidacho.

Fomula:

Measurement Range (kapena Span) ndi kusiyana pakati pa ziwerengero zazikulu ndi zochepa zomwe chida chapangidwira kuyeza.

Chitsanzo Chofunikira: Kumvetsetsa %FS

Tiyerekeze kuti mumagulaachopatsira pressurendimafotokozedwe awa:

• Kutalika: 0 mpaka 200 bar

• Kulondola: ± 0.5% FS

Khwerero 1: Werengani Kulakwitsa Kwambiri Kovomerezeka.

Choyamba, timapeza cholakwika chonse chomwe chiwerengerochi chikufanana ndi: max absolute error = 0.5% × (200 bar - 0 bar) = 0.005 × 200 bar = ± 1 bar.

Ichi ndicho chiwerengero chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe chimatiuza kuti mosasamala kanthu za zovuta zomwe tikuyesa, kuwerenga kuchokera ku chida ichi kumatsimikiziridwa kukhala mkati mwa ± 1 bar ya mtengo weniweni.

Gawo 2: Onani Momwe Izi Zimakhudzira Kulondola Mwachibale.

Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone chomwe cholakwika cha bar ± 1 chimatanthauza pamitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• Kuyeza kupanikizika kwa bar 100 (50% yamitundu yonse): Kuwerenga kumatha kukhala paliponse kuyambira 99 mpaka 101 bar. Cholakwika chachibale panthawiyi ndi (1 bar / 100 bar) × 100% = ± 1%.

• Kuyeza kupanikizika kwa bar 20 (10% yamitundu yonse): Kuwerenga kumatha kukhala paliponse kuyambira 19 mpaka 21 bar. Cholakwika chachibale panthawiyi ndi (1 bar / 20 bar) × 100% = ± 5%.

• Kuyeza kupanikizika kwa bar 200 (100% yamitundu yonse): Kuwerenga kumatha kukhala kulikonse kuyambira 199 mpaka 201 bar. Cholakwika chachibale panthawiyi ndi (1 bar / 200 bar) × 100% = ± 0.5%.

Izi zikuwonetsa mfundo yofunika kwambiri yoimbira zida kuti chiwongolero cha chidacho chimakhala bwino kwambiri pamtunda wake komanso woyipa kwambiri pansi.

Kutenga Kothandiza: Momwe Mungasankhire Chida Choyenera?

Ubale pakati pa %FS ndi cholakwika wachibale umakhudza kwambiri kusankha zida.Zolakwika zocheperako, zimakulitsa kulondola kwa chida chonsecho. Komabe, mutha kusinthanso kuyeza kwanu posankha mtundu woyenera wa pulogalamu yanu.

Lamulo lamtengo wapatali la kuyeza kukula ndikusankha chida chomwe mayendedwe anu amagwera mu theka lapamwamba (chabwino, magawo awiri pa atatu) amtundu wake wonse. Tiyeni tipite ndi chitsanzo:

Tangoganizani kuti njira yanu nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito mokakamiza 70 bar, koma imatha kukhala ndi nsonga mpaka 90 bar. Mukuganiziraawiriotumiza, zonse ndi ± 0.5% kulondola kwa FS:

• Transmitter A: Mtundu wa 0-500 bar

• Transmitter B: Range 0-100 bar

Tiyeni tiwerengere cholakwika chomwe chingachitike pagawo lanu lanthawi zonse la 70 bar:

Transmitter A (0-500 bar):

• Kulakwitsa kwakukulu = 0.5% × 500 bar = ± 2.5 bar.

• Pa bar 70, kuwerenga kwanu kutha kuthetsedwa ndi 2.5 bar. Cholakwika chanu chenicheni ndi (2.5 / 70) × 100% ≈ ± 3.57%. Ichi ndi cholakwika chachikulu!

Transmitter B (0-100 bar):

• Kulakwitsa kwakukulu = 0.5% × 100 bar = ± 0.5 bar.

• Pa bar 70, kuwerenga kwanu kutha kuthetsedwa ndi bar 0.5 yokha. Cholakwika chanu chenicheni ndi (0.5 / 70) × 100% ≈ ± 0.71%.

Posankha chida chomwe chili ndi "compressed" yoyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mwakulitsa kulondola kwa kuyeza kwanu kwapadziko lonse lapansi ndi kasanu, ngakhale zida zonsezo zinali ndi mavoti a "%FS" ofanana pamasitomala awo.

Kulondola ndi Kulondola: Kusiyanitsa Kwambiri

Kuti mumvetse bwino muyeso, lingaliro linanso ndilofunika: kusiyana pakati pa kulondola ndi kulondola. Nthawi zambiri anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa mosiyana, koma mu sayansi ndi uinjiniya amatanthauza zinthu zosiyana kwambiri.

KulondolaisBwanjikutseka muyeso ndiko ku mtengo weniweni. Zimakhudzana ndi cholakwika chamtheradi komanso chachibale. Chida cholondola, pafupifupi, chimapereka kuwerenga kolondola.

KulondolaisBwanjikutseka miyeso yambiri ya chinthu chomwecho ndi wina ndi mzake. Zimatanthawuza kubwerezabwereza kapena kusasinthasintha kwa muyeso. Chida cholondola chimakupatsani kuwerengera komweko nthawi iliyonse, koma kuwerenga kumeneko sikukhala kolondola.

Nachi chifaniziro chandamale:

• Zolondola komanso Zolondola: Kuwombera kwanu konse kumalumikizidwa mwamphamvu pakati pa bullseye. Izi ndiye zoyenera.

• Zolondola Koma Zosalondola: Kuwombera kwanu konse kumalumikizana mwamphamvu, koma kuli pakona yakumanzere kwa chandamale, kutali ndi bullseye. Izi zikuwonetsa cholakwika mwadongosolo, monga kuchuluka kolakwika pamfuti kapena sensa yosawerengeka bwino. Chidacho ndi chobwerezabwereza koma cholakwika nthawi zonse.

• Zolondola Koma Zosamveka: Kuwombera kwanu kumamwazikana ponseponse pa chandamale, koma malo awo apakatikati ndipakati pa bullseye. Izi zikuwonetsa cholakwika mwachisawawa, pomwe muyeso uliwonse umasinthasintha mosayembekezereka.

• Palibe Zolondola Kapena Zolondola: Kuwombera kumamwazikana mwachisawawa pa chandamale, osasinthasintha.

Chida chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a 0.5% FS chimanena kuti ndicholondola, pomwe kulondola (kapena kubwereza) nthawi zambiri kumalembedwa ngati mzere wosiyana pa datasheet ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala nambala yaing'ono (yabwino) kuposa kulondola kwake.

Mapeto

Kumvetsetsa zolakwika ndizomwe zimasiyanitsa injiniya wabwino ndi wamkulu.

Mwachidule, kudziwa cholakwika choyezera kumafuna kuchoka pamalingaliro oyambira kupita kukugwiritsa ntchito. Cholakwika chamtheradi chimapereka kupatuka koyipa, cholakwika chachibale chimayika muyeso wapano, ndipo cholakwika cholozera (%FS) chimapereka chitsimikizo chokhazikika cha cholakwika chachikulu cha chida pamitundu yonse. Chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti kulondola kwachidacho komanso magwiridwe ake enieni sikufanana.

Pomvetsetsa momwe cholakwika cha %FS chokhazikika chimakhudzira kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono, mainjiniya ndi akatswiri amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino. Kusankha chida chokhala ndi mitundu yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito ndikofunikira kwambiri monga momwe zimakhalira molondola, kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zikuwonetsa zenizeni zenizeni.

Nthawi ina mukadzawonanso tsatanetsatane ndikuwona kulondola, mudzadziwa bwino tanthauzo lake. Mutha kuwerengera zolakwika zomwe zingatheke, kumvetsetsa momwe cholakwikacho chidzakhudzire ndondomeko yanu pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, ndikupanga chisankho chodziwitsidwa chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti zomwe mwasonkhanitsa sizikhala manambala pawindo, koma kuwonetsera kodalirika kwa zenizeni.

Lumikizanani ndi Akatswiri Athu Oyezera