Mpweya wosungunuka umatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wosungunuka m'madzi, omwe nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ngati DO, owonetsedwa mu milligrams ya okosijeni pa lita imodzi ya madzi (mu mg/L kapena ppm).Zina mwazinthu zachilengedwe zimasinthidwa ndi biodegraded pansi pa zochita za mabakiteriya a aerobic, omwe amadya mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, ndipo mpweya wosungunuka sungathe kuwonjezeredwa panthawi yake.Mabakiteriya a anaerobic m'madzi amachulukana mwachangu, ndipo zinthu zamoyo zimasintha madzi akuda chifukwa cha ziphuphu.fungo.Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi ndi chizindikiro choyesa kudziyeretsa kwa thupi lamadzi.Mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi umadyedwa, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yochepa kuti zibwezeretsedwe ku chikhalidwe choyambirira, kusonyeza kuti thupi lamadzi lili ndi mphamvu yodziyeretsa yokha, kapena kuti kuipitsa kwa madzi sikuli koopsa.Kupanda kutero, zikutanthauza kuti thupi lamadzi ndi loipitsidwa kwambiri, luso lodziyeretsa ndilofooka, kapena ngakhale luso la kudziyeretsa latayika.Zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanikizika pang'ono kwa mpweya mumlengalenga, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kutentha kwa madzi ndi khalidwe la madzi.
1.Aquaculture: kuonetsetsa kuti kupuma kwa zinthu zam'madzi, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ya okosijeni, alamu yokha, oxygenation ndi ntchito zina.
2.Kuwunika momwe madzi achilengedwe amayendera: Dziwani kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa ndi kuthekera kodziyeretsa kwamadzi, ndikupewa kuipitsidwa kwachilengedwe monga kufalikira kwa matupi amadzi.
3. Kuyeretsa kwamadzi, zizindikiro zoyendetsera: thanki ya anaerobic, tank aerobic, tank aeration ndi zizindikiro zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira momwe madzi amachitira.
4. Kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa zida zachitsulo m'mapaipi operekera madzi m'mafakitale: Nthawi zambiri, masensa okhala ndi ppb (ug/L) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera mapaipi kuti akwaniritse zero oxygen kuti apewe dzimbiri.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opangira magetsi ndi zida zowotchera.
Pakadali pano, mita yodziwika bwino yosungunuka ya okosijeni pamsika ili ndi mfundo ziwiri zoyezera: njira ya membrane ndi njira ya fluorescence.Ndiye pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ziwirizi?
1. Njira ya Membrane (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti njira ya polarography, njira yowonongeka nthawi zonse)
Njira ya membrane imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za electrochemical.Nembanemba yocheperako pang'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa cathode ya platinamu, anode ya siliva, ndi electrolyte kuchokera kunja.Kawirikawiri, cathode imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi filimuyi.Oxygen imafalikira kupyola mu nembanembayo molingana ndi kukakamiza kwake pang'ono.Mpweya wochuluka wa okosijeni umadutsa, mpweya wochuluka umadutsa mu nembanemba.Pamene mpweya wosungunuka umalowa mkati mwa nembanemba ndikulowa mkati, umachepetsedwa pa cathode kuti apange panopa.Izi zikufanana mwachindunji ndi kusungunuka mpweya ndende.Gawo la mita limagwira ntchito yokulitsa kuti isinthe zomwe zidalipo kukhala gawo landende.
2. Fluorescence
Chowunikira cha fulorosenti chimakhala ndi chowunikira chomwe chimatulutsa kuwala kwa buluu ndikuwunikira gawo la fulorosenti.Chinthu cha fulorosenti chimatulutsa kuwala kofiira pambuyo posangalala.Popeza kuti mamolekyu a okosijeni amatha kuchotsa mphamvu (kuzimitsa mphamvu), nthawi ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kofiira kokondwa zimagwirizana ndi mamolekyu a okosijeni.The ndende ndi inversely proportional.Poyesa kusiyana kwa gawo pakati pa kuwala kofiira kokondwa ndi kuwala kofotokozera, ndikuyerekeza ndi mtengo wa calibration wamkati, kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu a okosijeni akhoza kuwerengedwa.Palibe mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza, deta imakhala yokhazikika, ntchitoyo ndi yodalirika, ndipo palibe zosokoneza.
Tiyeni tiwunike kwa aliyense pogwiritsa ntchito:
1. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma electrode a polarographic, tenthetsani kwa mphindi zosachepera 15-30 musanayese kapena kuyeza.
2. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa okosijeni ndi electrode, mpweya wa okosijeni pamwamba pa kafukufukuyo udzachepa nthawi yomweyo, choncho ndikofunika kusonkhezera yankho panthawi ya kuyeza!Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chifukwa chakuti mpweya wa okosijeni umayesedwa ndi kuwononga mpweya, pamakhala cholakwika mwadongosolo.
3. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa electrochemical reaction, ndende ya electrolyte ikugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, choncho m'pofunika kuwonjezera electrolyte nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizidwe.Kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe thovu mu electrolyte ya nembanemba, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zipinda zonse zamadzimadzi mukakhazikitsa mpweya wamutu wa nembanemba.
4. Pambuyo powonjezera electrolyte iliyonse, kusintha kwatsopano kwa ntchito ya calibration (kawirikawiri zero point calibration m'madzi opanda mpweya ndi kutsetsereka kwa mpweya mumlengalenga) kumafunika, ndiyeno ngakhale chida cholipirira chiwongoladzanja chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chiyenera kukhala pafupi. kuti Ndi bwino calibrate ndi elekitirodi pa kutentha kwa chitsanzo njira.
5. Palibe thovu lomwe liyenera kusiyidwa pamwamba pa nembanemba yokwanira theka-permeable panthawi yoyezera, apo ayi imawerenga thovulo ngati chitsanzo chodzaza ndi okosijeni.Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mu thanki ya aeration.
6. Chifukwa cha zifukwa za ndondomeko, mutu wa nembanemba ndi wochepa thupi, makamaka wosavuta kuboola mu sing'anga inayake yowononga, ndipo umakhala ndi moyo waufupi.Ndi chinthu chodyedwa.Ngati nembanemba yawonongeka, iyenera kusinthidwa.
Mwachidule, njira ya nembanemba ndikuti cholakwika cholondola chimakhala chosokonekera, nthawi yokonza ndi yochepa, ndipo ntchitoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri!
Nanga bwanji njira ya fluorescence?Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha thupi, mpweya umangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira panthawi ya kuyeza, kotero kuti ndondomeko yoyezera imakhala yopanda kusokoneza kunja!Ma probe olondola kwambiri, osasamalira, komanso abwinoko amasiyidwa osayang'aniridwa kwa zaka 1-2 atakhazikitsa.Kodi njira ya fluorescence ilibe zolakwika?Ndithudi alipo!
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-15-2021