Kuthamanga ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga mafakitale. Pakadali pano, pali pafupifupi mitundu yopitilira 100 yosiyana pamsika. Kodi ogwiritsa ntchito angasankhe bwanji zinthu zokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso mtengo wake? Lero, titenga aliyense kuti amvetsetse momwe magwiridwe antchito amayendera mita.
Kufananiza Mamita Osiyanasiyana Oyenda
Kuthamanga kwamtundu wosiyana
Ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana woyezera kukakamiza pakali pano ndiyo njira yoyezera yoyenda kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imatha kuyeza kuthamanga kwamadzi agawo limodzi ndi madzi omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri pansi pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. M'zaka za m'ma 1970, lusoli linakhalapo 80% ya msika. The differential pressure flowmeter nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magawo awiri, throttling device ndi transmitter. Zipangizo zamakono, mbale zodziwika bwino za orifice, nozzles, pitot tubes, uniform velocity tubes, etc. Ntchito ya chipangizo chogwedeza ndikuchepetsa madzi othamanga ndikupanga kusiyana pakati pa kumtunda ndi kumtunda. Pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana zopukutira, mbale ya orifice ndiyo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta komanso kukhazikitsa kosavuta. Komabe, ili ndi zofunika okhwima pa processing miyeso. Malingana ngati ikukonzedwa ndi kuikidwa motsatira ndondomeko ndi zofunikira, kuyeza koyenda kungathe kuchitidwa mkati mwamtundu wosatsimikizika pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa, ndipo kutsimikizira kwenikweni kwamadzi sikofunikira.
Zipangizo zonse zopukutira zili ndi kutayika kwamphamvu kosabweza. Kutaya kwakukulu kwapanikizi ndiko tsinde lakuthwa lakuthwa, lomwe ndi 25% -40% ya kusiyana kwakukulu kwa chida. Kutaya kwamphamvu kwa chubu la Pitot ndikochepa kwambiri ndipo kumatha kunyalanyazidwa, koma kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwamadzimadzi.
Mtundu wamalo osinthika
Chitsanzo choimira mtundu uwu wa flowmeter ndi rotameter. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuti ndi wolunjika ndipo safuna mphamvu yakunja poyezera pamalopo.
Ma rotameter amagawidwa kukhala ma rotameters agalasi ndi ma chubu rotameters malinga ndi kupanga kwawo ndi zida. Galasi ya rotor flowmeter ili ndi dongosolo losavuta, malo a rotor amawoneka bwino, ndipo ndi osavuta kuwerenga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa kutentha kwabwino, kuthamanga kwabwino, zowonekera komanso zowononga, monga mpweya, mpweya, argon, ndi zina zotero. Zozungulira zazitsulo zazitsulo zimakhala ndi zizindikiro za maginito, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kupanikizika kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kutumiza zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zojambulira, etc.
Pakali pano, pali vertical variable area flowmeter yokhala ndi mutu wodzaza kasupe wamsika pamsika. Ilibe mtundu wopindika komanso chipinda chotchingira. Ili ndi muyeso wa 100: 1 ndipo imakhala ndi mzere wotuluka, womwe ndi woyenera kwambiri kuyeza kwa nthunzi.
Oscillating
Vortex flowmeter ndi woimira oscillating otaya mamita. Ndiko kuyika chinthu chosasunthika kutsogolo kwamadzimadzi, ndipo madzimadzi amapanga mizere iwiri yokhazikika ya asymmetric vortex kumbuyo kwa chinthucho. Mafupipafupi a sitima ya vortex amafanana ndi liwiro la kuyenda.
Makhalidwe a njira yoyezera iyi sizinthu zosuntha mu payipi, kubwereza kuwerengera, kudalirika kwabwino, moyo wautali wautumiki, kuchuluka kwa mizere yofananira, pafupifupi osakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, kupanikizika, kachulukidwe, kukhuthala, ndi zina zambiri, komanso kutsika kwamphamvu. Kulondola kwakukulu (pafupifupi 0.5% -1%). Kutentha kwake kogwira ntchito kumatha kufika pa 300 ℃, ndipo kuthamanga kwake kumatha kufika pa 30MPa. Komabe, kugawa kwamphamvu kwamadzimadzi komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu kumakhudza kulondola kwa kuyeza.
Makanema osiyanasiyana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana owonera ma vortex. Pa nthunzi, chimbale chogwedeza kapena piezoelectric crystal chingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kwa mpweya, matenthedwe kapena akupanga angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pamadzi, pafupifupi matekinoloje onse ozindikira amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Monga mbale za orifice, vortex The flow coefficient of street flow mita imatsimikiziridwanso ndi seti ya miyeso.
Mphamvu yamagetsi
Mtundu uwu wa flowmeter umagwiritsa ntchito kukula kwa voteji yomwe imapangidwa pomwe ma conductive otaya amayenda kudzera mu maginito kuti azindikire kutuluka. Chifukwa chake ndizoyenera kwa ma conductive media okha. The of theoretically, njira imeneyi si anakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, kuthamanga, kachulukidwe ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe a madzimadzi, ndi osiyanasiyana chiŵerengero akhoza kufika 100: 1, kulondola ndi za 0,5%, ndi chitoliro m'mimba mwake ndi 2mm kuti 3m, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi ndi matope , zamkati kapena zikuwononga sing'anga otaya muyeso.
Chifukwa cha chizindikiro chofooka, aelectromagnetic flowmeternthawi zambiri ndi 2.5-8mV pamlingo wathunthu, ndipo kuthamanga kwake kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, ma millivolts ochepa okha, omwe amatha kusokoneza kunja. Chifukwa chake, pamafunika kuti nyumba yotumizira, waya wotetezedwa, ngalande yoyezera, ndi mapaipi omwe ali kumapeto onse a chotumizira ayenera kukhazikika ndikuyika malo osiyana. Osalumikizana ndi malo opezeka anthu ambiri amagalimoto, zida zamagetsi, ndi zina.
Akupanga mtundu
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma flow meters ndi Doppler flow metre ndi time difference flow metre. Doppler flowmeter imayang'ana kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kutengera kusintha kwa mafunde amawu omwe amawonetsedwa ndi chandamale choyenda mumadzimadzi omwe amayezedwa. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kuyeza madzi othamanga kwambiri. Sikoyenera kuyeza madzi othamanga kwambiri, ndipo kulondola kumakhala kochepa, ndipo kusalala kwa khoma lamkati la chitoliro kumafunika kukhala apamwamba, koma dera lake ndi losavuta.
Kusiyanitsa kwa nthawi flowmeter kumayesa kuchuluka kwa otaya malinga ndi kusiyana kwa nthawi pakati pa kufalikira kwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mafunde akupanga mumadzimadzi a jakisoni. Popeza kukula kwa kusiyana kwa nthawi kumakhala kochepa, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti muyeso wolondola, zofunikira za dera lamagetsi zimakhala zapamwamba, ndipo mtengo wa mita ukuwonjezeka molingana. Kusiyana kwa nthawi flowmeter nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera kwamadzimadzi amadzimadzi a laminar okhala ndi gawo la liwiro lofananira. Pazakumwa zaphokoso, ma flowmeter amitundu yosiyanasiyana atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Momentum rectangle
Mtundu uwu wa flowmeter umachokera pa mfundo yosamalira mphindi yachangu. Madzi amadzimadzi amakhudza gawo lozungulira kuti lizizungulira, ndipo liwiro la gawo lozungulira limakhala lolingana ndi liwiro loyenda. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito njira monga magnetism, optics, ndi makina owerengera kuti musinthe liwiro kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga.
Turbine flowmeter ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yolondola kwambiri yamtundu wamtunduwu. Ndizoyenera gasi ndi media zamadzimadzi, koma ndizosiyana pang'ono. Kwa gasi, ngodya yake yolowera ndi yaying'ono ndipo masamba ndi akulu. , Kulondola kwa turbine flowmeter kumatha kufika 0.2% -0.5%, ndipo kumatha kufika 0.1% munjira yopapatiza, ndipo chiŵerengero cha turndown ndi 10: 1. Kutaya kwamphamvu kumakhala kochepa komanso kukana kupanikizika kumakhala kwakukulu, koma kumakhala ndi zofunikira zina paukhondo wamadzimadzi, ndipo kumakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi kachulukidwe ndi kukhuthala kwamadzimadzi. Kuchepa kwa dzenje m'mimba mwake, kumakhudzanso kwambiri. Monga mbale ya orifice, onetsetsani kuti pali zokwanira musanayambe komanso pambuyo poikapo. Gawo lolunjika la chitoliro kuti mupewe kuzungulira kwamadzimadzi ndikusintha mbali yochitira pa tsamba.
Kusamuka kwabwino
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya chida chamtunduwu imayesedwa molingana ndi kayendetsedwe kake ka madzimadzi okhazikika pakusintha kulikonse kwa thupi lozungulira. Mapangidwe a chidacho ndi osiyana, monga oval gear flowmeter, rotary piston flowmeter, scraper flowmeter ndi zina zotero. Mtundu wa oval gear flowmeter ndi wokulirapo, womwe ungafikire 20: 1, ndipo kulondola kwake ndikwambiri, koma zida zosunthira ndizosavuta kukakamira zonyansa mumadzimadzi. Kuthamanga kwa unit ya rotary piston flowmeter ndi yayikulu, koma chifukwa chazifukwa zamapangidwe, kuchuluka kwa kutayikira ndikokwera kwambiri. Chachikulu, chosalondola bwino. The positive displacement flowmeter kwenikweni imakhala yodziyimira pawokha ku viscosity yamadzimadzi, ndipo ndi yoyenera pazofalitsa monga mafuta ndi madzi, koma sizoyenera zowonera monga nthunzi ndi mpweya.
Chilichonse mwazomwe tatchulazi zili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zake, koma ngakhale zitakhala zamtundu womwewo wa mita, zopangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-15-2021